Geographic, Ethnographic and Ethno-geographic
Geographic federalism
- the delimitations of geographic borders determine the particularities of a Province or a Canton
- Usually for large monoculture countries
- USA / Australia / Canada
Ethnographic federalism
- specific laws would apply to specific sects/religions irrelevant of where people belonging to the sect reside.
- Governance mainly based on ethnicity, religion
- Ottoman millet system (millet = nation = قوم )
Ethno-geographic federalism
- delimitation of geographic areas is based on the ethno-cultural background of the various populations
- Switzerland/Germany/Belgium